346例住院患者抗精神病药物使用情况分析

Analysis of the use of antipsychotic medication among 346 inpatients

目的了解住院患者抗精神病药使用情况,为临床医生规范、合理、安全使用精神科药物提供参考。方法采用整群抽样抽取我院接受抗精神病药物治疗的住院患者346例,其中普通收治患者198例,城市流浪救治患者148例;男性188例,女性158例,年龄(46.22±14.50)岁,住院时间为(7.91±9.84)年。结果单一用药252例(72.8%),合并用药94例(27.2%);合并用药中,氯氮平联合利培酮使用率达33.0%,高于其他合并用药组合。单一用药的患者平均年龄低于合并用药患者[(44.92±14.74)岁vs.(49.72±13.30)岁,P=0.001],且住院时间也较合并用药患者短[(6.72±9.54)年vs.(11.10±9.96)年,P=0.006],单一用药患者中救治患者多于普通患者(135例vs.117例,P=0.008),而合并用药患者中普通患者多于救治患者(81例vs.13例,P=0.008)。结论我院住院患者的用药特点以单一用药为主,少数合并用药,而合并用药则为联合一种药物。

Objective To investigate the use of antipsychotic medication among inpatients and to provide reference for clinicians to standardize, rationally and safely use psychotropic drugs. Methods A total of 346 inpatients with antipsychotics treatment were selected by cluster sampling, including 198 ordinary patients and 148 homeless patients. There were 188 males and 158 females, the age of them was （46. 22 ± 14. 50） years old,and the hospitalization time was （7. 91 ±9. 84） years. Results 252 cases （72. 8% ） were single drug used and 94 cases （27.2% ） were combined. The combined use rate of clozapine and risperidone was 33.0% , which was higher than other combination drugs. The mean age of patients treated with monotherapy was lower than that of patients taking combined medication[ （44. 92 ± 14. 74） vs. （49. 72 ± 13. 30）,P =0. 001 ],and shorter hospitalization time [ （6. 72 ± 9. 54） vs. （11.10±9.96）, P=0. 006 ] . In patients with a single medication, homeless patients were more than ordinary patients （135 cases vs. 117 cases,P = 0. 008）,and in patients taking combined treatment, ordinary patients were more than homeless patients（81 cases vs. 13 cases, P = 0. 008） . Conclusion The characteristics of drug use in inpatients of our hospital is a single drug - based , a small number of combined drug used, and combined medication is combined with one drug.