发酵用鲜辣椒中乳酸菌抗生素耐药性与耐药基因

Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance and Resistant Genes of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Fresh Hot Pepper Used to Fermentation

以四川泡菜发酵用的新鲜二荆条辣椒表面上附着的乳酸菌为研究对象,分析其对四环素(TET)、链霉素(STR)和红霉素(ERY)的耐药性与耐药基因。研究表明:用于发酵的鲜辣椒中,乳酸菌的含量约为2.18×104CFU/g,属于Weissella cibaria(61.93%)、Lactococcus lactis(16.06%)、Enterococcus mundtii(5.50%)、Enterococcus faecalis(3.67%)、Enterococcus hirae(3.67%)、Leuconostoc mesenteroides(6.88%)和Leuconostoc holzapfelii(2.29%)。所有218株分离株均无ERY耐药,但其中30株(13.76%)表现出TET和STR耐药,包括10株W.cibaria(4.59%)、2株Lac.lactis(0.92%)、1株E.mundtii(0.46%)、2株Leu.mesenteroide(0.92%)和1株Leu.holzapfelii(0.46%)STR耐药菌株,9株W.cibaria(4.12%)、2株Lac.lactis(0.92%)、1株E.faecalis(0.46%)和2株E.hirae(0.92%)TET和STR二重耐药菌株;除TET和STR二重耐药菌株W.cibaria CT024中未检出任何TET被检基因外,其它耐药株都有相应1个或多个被检基因被检出。其中,在5种STR被检耐药基因中,str B的检出率最高,达60.00%;aad6的检出率最低,为16.67%。11种TET被检耐药基因中,tet B和tet C的检出率最高,达到85.71%;tet Z的检出率最低,为7.14%。同时,同种内的不同菌株对STR或TET的耐药性高低与耐药基因的种类和数量多少无相关性。

The antibiotic resistance and resistant genes o f lactic acid bacteria （LABs） were investigated on the fresh hot pepper used to fermentation. In current study ,218 isolates suggested that about 2,18×10^4 CFU/g LABs were on the fresh hot pepper used to fennentation. These isolates were assigned to Weissella eibaria （61.93%） ,Lactococcus lactis （16.06% ） ,Leuconostoc mesenteroides （6.8S%）,Enterococcus mundtii（5.5% ） ,Enterococcus faeccdis （3.67%） ,Enterococcus hirae （3.67%） and Leuconostoc holzapfelii （2.29% ）. Of the 218 isolates,no one displayed the resistance o f erythromycin（ERY）,but 30 isolates （13.76%） were found to be against streptomycin （STR） and tetracycline （TET） with one or two resistance,including 10 W. cibcaia （4.59% ）,2 Lac. lactis （0.92%）,1 E. mujidtii （0.46%） ,2 Leu. mesenteroides （0.92%） and 1 Leu. holzapfelii （0.46%） with resistance to STR, And 9 W. cibaria（4.l 2 % ） ,2 Lac. lactis （0,92%） , 1 E. faecalis （0.46%）and 2 E. hirae （0,92% ） with resistance of TET and STR. In the TET and STR resistant strain W. eibaria CT024,none of TET resistant genes was found. Wliile , the other TET and STR resistant strains had harbored one or more corresponding resistant genes. In 5 STR resistant genes had the highest detection rate with 60.00% ,but aad6 with only 16.67% . Among 11 TET resistant genes ,ieiS and tetC had the highest detection rate, 85.71%, and tetZ was found w ith 7.14% lowest detection rate. For the current antibiotic resistant strains,the STR or TET resistant phenotype of different strains in the same species was not directly related to the types or quantities of the corresponding antibiotic resistant genes.