《俄罗斯民法典》对“知识产权”概念的立法取舍

Russia's Attitude towards the Concept of “Intellectual Property” as Reflected in Its Civil Code

俄罗斯新的民法典第四部分第七编是对传统知识产权的专门规定,该编在其国内立法中第一次以法律规范的形式确定知识产权为智力活动成果和个性化标识权的客体,同时规定了"智力权"、"专有权"等权利内容,用"智力权"术语取代了传统知识产权概念。立法对知识产权范畴的重新界定,在俄罗斯理论界引起激烈讨论。综合分析俄罗斯民法典对知识产权、智力权、专有权等概念的界定及立法依据,阐述俄罗斯学者对其民法典中智力权、知识产权、专有权等概念适用的理论争议。

Title 7,Part 4 of the new Russian Civil Code concerns intellectual property.It,for the first time,determines that intellectual property is the object of intellectual activity and the right of individual mark by way of legal norms.Meanwhile,it also stipulates the ＂intellectual rights＂,＂exclusive rights＂ and other rights,and replaces the traditional concept of intellectual property with a new terminology ＂intellectual right＂.The redefinition of the scope of intellectual property rights raises intense discussion among Russian theorists.This paper comprehensively analyses the definition of intellectual property,intellectual right,exclusive right,etc.and the legislative basis,and expounds on the theoretical disputes about the application of intellectual right,intellectual property right,exclusive right,etc.in the civil code among Russian scholars.