新疆矿山环境遥感监测成果综述

Review on remote sensing monitoring results of mine geological environment in Xinjiang

为进一步发挥遥感技术在矿山环境监测中的优势,采用多类型、多时相遥感数据,在充分分析监测区矿产开发状况、矿山地质环境和矿产资源规划执行情况等相关资料的基础上,从矿山辅助设施、道路、矿堆、矸石及地裂缝、采空塌陷等的宏观和微观形态特征出发,运用计算机自动分类和人机交互解译相结合的方法,首次对新疆矿山地质环境问题进行了全面的遥感调查与监测,获取了全区矿山开发中土地占用与损毁、矿山地质灾害、矿山环境污染以及恢复治理状况等方面丰富翔实的基础数据,分析了矿山地质环境与不同矿种、不同开发方式之间的关系。为新疆矿山环境的保护与治理提供了重要的基础数据和技术支撑,再次显示了遥感技术为矿山管理"一张图"工程做贡献的巨大潜力。

In order to further develop the advantage of remote sensing technology in mine environmental monito-ring,we used multi temporal and multi type remote sensing data to investigate mine geological environment prob-lems for the first time in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.On the basis of the analysis of mineral exploitation status,mine geological environment,and mineral resources planning,the macro and micro morphology of the mine auxiliary facilities,roads,gangue,ore heap,crack and collapse were chatacterized by using the combining method of computer automatic classification and the man-machine interactive interpretation.And a lot of basic da-ta detailed about land occupation,mine geological disasters,mine environmental pollution and restoration,and other aspects of mine exploitation,were obtained.The relationships between mine geological environment and dif-ferent mineral resources and different exploitaion way were analyzed,providing important decision-making data and technical support for the mine environment protection and governance in Xinjiang.The results show a great potential of remote sensing used in the “One Picture”Project of mine management.