某船运基地蟑螂危害调查及灭蟑效果观察

Infestation investigation and observation of control effects of cockroaches in an army ship transportation base

目的开展某船运基地蟑螂危害状况调查,评价基地食堂和舰艇的蟑螂防治效果。方法蟑螂密度调查和效果评价采用药激法,蟑螂防治通过卫生整治和综合化学药物灭蟑相结合。结果食堂和舰艇的平均蟑螂侵害率为65.96%,平均蟑螂密度为5.59只/间。分类鉴定蟑螂3种,德国小蠊(90.25%)为食堂和所有舰艇的优势种。食堂蟑螂密度为7.3只/间,以熟食间(26.0只/间)和副食库(22.0只/间)相对较高;舰艇平均蟑螂侵害率为61.82%,平均蟑螂密度为5.21只/间,舰艇后厨均有蟑螂,且蟑螂密度(18.79只/间)最高。灭蟑处理后1周,食堂和5艘舰艇的灭蟑率在95%以上;首次灭蟑1个月后巩固灭蟑并监测蟑螂密度,食堂和4艘舰艇未发现蟑螂;3个月后监测蟑螂密度,食堂和6艘舰艇未发现蟑螂。结论分析某陆军船运基地蟑螂危害原因,蟑螂主要是随食品和货物侵入食堂和舰艇,且危害较重,分布范围较广,通过综合灭蟑措施,蟑螂危害得到有效控制。

Objective To investigate infestation and evaluate effects of control cockroaches in an army ship transportation base. Methods Insecticide stimulating was used to investigate density and evaluate control effects for cockroaches. Environmental management and chemical control were carried out in cockroach control. Results The average infection rate of cockroaches was 65. 96% in refectory and warships,and the average cockroach density was5. 59 pieces per room. 287 cockroaches were captured,and identified as 3 species. Blattella germanica（ 90. 25%）was the dominant species. The cockroach density was 7. 3 pieces per room in refectory. There were many cockroaches in cooked food rooms（ 26. 0 pieces per room） and assistant food store rooms（ 22. 0 pieces per room）. The average infestation rate of cockroach was 61. 82% and the average cockroach density was 5. 21 pieces per room in warships.Cockroaches were found in all cookrooms and their density was 18. 79 pieces per room. The killing cockroach rate was above 95% in refectory and 5 warships one week after the chemical application. No cockroach was found in refectory and 4 warships one month and three months after the chemical application. Conclusion The reason of cockroach infestation in refectory and warships was that they were carried along with food stuff and cargo. Harm of cockroaches was serious and distribution infestation was wide range. Control efficiency reached satisfied results after the implement of integrated control measure.