2015年南京市病媒生物监测分析

Monitoring of medical vector population of Nanjing in 2015

目的了解2015年南京市主要病媒生物(蚊、蝇、蟑螂、鼠)的种类、密度及季节消长情况,为有效预防和控制病媒生物性传染病的发生和流行提供参考。方法按照《全国病媒生物监测方案(试行)》要求,开展重要病媒生物(蚊、蝇、蟑螂、鼠)监测,分别采用诱蚊灯法、笼诱法、粘捕法、夹夜法。结果 2015年南京市蚊密度为0.82只/h,主要蚊种为三带喙库蚊和淡色库蚊;蝇密度为1.20只/笼,主要蝇种为家蝇、棕尾别麻蝇和丝光绿蝇;蟑螂密度为1.40只/张,蟑螂种类为德国小蠊和黑胸大蠊;鼠密度为0.055%,种类为褐家鼠和黄胸鼠;季节消长情况为蚊蝇密度呈单峰型,峰值出现在7月;蟑螂密度呈双峰型,峰值出现在7月和9月。结论2015年南京市蚊、蝇、蟑螂和鼠密度相比2014年均显著下降。

Objective To understand the species,density and seasonal fluctuation of the main medical vectors,mosquitoes,flies,cockroaches and rats in Nanjing in 2015. Methods According to the ＂National vectors monitoring program（ Trial） ＂,density of mosquitoes,flies,cockroaches and rats were monitored with the methods of lamp traps,cage traps,roach pastes and night trapping respectively. Results The density of mosquitoes was 0. 82 /（ h·lamp）,and the main species were Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens pallens. The density of flies was1. 21 pieces per cage,and the main species were Musca domestica,Boettcherisca peregrine and Lucilia sericata. The density of cockroaches was 1. 40 pieces per sheet,and the dominant species were Blattella germanica and Periplaneta fuliginosa. The density of rats was 0. 055%,and the species were Rattus norvegicus and Rattus tanezumi. The seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes and flies exhibited a single peak in July,while that of cockroaches,the bimodal type,peaked in July and September. Conclusion The density of medical vectors in 2015 in Nanjing declined remarkably compared with that of 2014.