潍坊市2012-2015年鼠密度监测分析

Rodent surveillance from 2012 to 2015 in Weifang City

目的了解潍坊市鼠类种群构成、季节消长和不同生境鼠密度情况,为制定鼠类防控方案提供科学依据。方法采用夹夜法对城镇居民、餐饮业和农村自然村进行鼠类密度监测,每月监测1次。结果 2012-2015年共捕获鼠类4种214只,褐家鼠占68.22%,为优势鼠种;其次为小家鼠28.04%、黄胸鼠2.34%和黑线姬鼠1.4%。密度在3、5月和7、11月呈现小高峰。结论潍坊市鼠种以褐家鼠为主,建议根据它们的孳生、栖息习性及季节消长特点,采取综合防治措施,继续加强对鼠类的长期监测,做到有的放矢,科学防控,以减少鼠媒传染病的发生和流行。

Objective To investigate the population structure,density and seasonal fluctuations of rodents in Weifang City. Methods The night trapping method was used to monitor the rodent densities at randomly selected sites,including catering services,natural villages and residential community. Results A total of 214 rodents were captured from 2012 to 2015. Of all rodents,the dominant species was Rattus norvegicus（ 68. 22%）,followed by Mus musculus（ 28. 04%）,Rattus flavipectus（ 2. 34%） and Apodemus agrarius（ 1. 4%）. The seasonal fluctuations of rodent density in general or in different habitats both followed a double-peak curve,with the first peak in March and May and the second peak in July and November. Conclusion In Weifang City,the dominant rodent species was Rattus norvegicus.It is suggested to take integrated rodent control measures and enhance long-term monitoring and early warning.