循环肿瘤细胞在女性实体器官肿瘤中的研究进展

Research Progress on Circulating Tumor Cells in Female Solid Tumors

循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cells,CTCs)指的是从实体的肿瘤或转移的病灶进入外周血液循环的恶性肿瘤细胞。自发现以来,随着其检验技术日趋成熟,循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)日渐成为肿瘤学炙手可热的研究对象。因为它将通过外周血的检验来实现监测肿瘤的发生、发展、转移、复发等情况,相对于肿瘤实体活检,"液体活检"不仅让患者易于接受,更有利于医务工作者监测病情变化。本文综述了循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)的检测方法并综述了循环肿瘤细胞在女性实体肿瘤--乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌中的研究进展。其中着重介绍了其在早期乳腺癌及复发转移性乳腺癌中的重大意义以及在评价治疗效果中的分子学特征。实践表明,循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)与HE-4、CA125的联合应用在评估卵巢癌化疗敏感性中也具有重要的临床意义。

During tumor metastasis, some cancer cells are shed into peripheral blood, and become circulating tumor cells （CTCs） which may specifically target distant organs and develop metastatic tumors. Along with its testing technology matures, circulating tumor cells （CTCs） is becoming a hot target in oncology. With respect to the entity tumor biopsy, the presence of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） in peripheral blood can serve as a ＂liquid biopsy＂ approach monitoring the occurrence, development, metastasis and recurrence of tumors. This review is mainly summaried the clinical potential of CTCs as novel biomarkers in 4 different types of female solid cancers--breast, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancer. It highlights that the value of CTCs both in early stage breast cancer and metastatic breast cancer is significant and the worth of molecular characteristics in the evaluation of treatment effect is implicated. Clinical practice shows that CTCs in combination with HE-4, CA 125 also have great sense in assessing the chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer.