中国-老挝边境吸血蠓调查研究

Survey of hematophagous midges in China-Laos border

目的调查中国云南省中国-老挝边境(中老边境)3个市(县)吸血蠓的种类分布、种群组成及吸血率。方法2015年6-8月采用诱虫灯诱集吸血蠓,参考中老边境吸血蠓种分布的相关文献。结果共采集吸血蠓3属54种78 336只,其中细蠓属4种,蠛蠓属7种,库蠓属43种;云南省首次纪录种7种:宗库蠓、霍飞库蠓、洋岛库蠓、南山库蠓、褐肩库蠓、杂色库蠓、隐秘蠛蠓。勐腊、江城县和景洪市分别分布48、22和16种。优势种为连斑库蠓、褐肩库蠓和抚须库蠓,分别占捕获总数的25.93%、19.25%和17.13%;不同市(县)、不同生境蠓种组成及吸血率不同。居住区和牛场的蠓吸血率分别为32.26%和28.24%。结论为中老边境吸血蠓种类分布、种群组成和蠓媒疾病的研究提供了参考依据。

Objective To study species distribution, community composition and bloodsucking rate of hematophagous midges in 3 cities （countries） of China-Laos border. Methods Hematophagous midges were captured with light trap to generate data on the species distribution in China-Laos border in June to August, 2015. Results A total of 78 336 host- seeking midges belonging to 54 species and 3 genera were collected; genus Leptoconops with 4 species, genus Lasiohelea with 7 species, genus Culicoedes with 43 species. Seven species, C. gentiloides, C. huffi, C. kibabaluensis, C. lansangensis, C. parahumeralis, C. variatus, La. adita are recorded for the first time in Yunnan province. The species distribution of hematophagous midges was recorded 48 species in Mengla, 22 species in Jiangcheng, 16 species in Jinghong. The predominant species included C. jacobsoni, C. parahumeralis and C. palpifer, and their composition were 25.93%, 19.25%, and 17.13% respectively. The community composition and the bloodsucking rate of midges varied with different counties and habitats. The bloodsucking rate was 32.26% in residence district, and 28.24% in cowshed. Conclusion The investigation provides the reference for species distribution, community composition and studies of infectious disease by hematophagous Culicoides.