海上330 m饱和潜水减压期间潜水员唾液皮质醇与免疫球蛋白的变化趋势

Changes of cortisol and immunoglobulins in the saliva of naval divers during decompression of the 330 m saturation dive in the open sea

目的：评估军事潜水员海上330 m饱和潜水实潜作业减压过程中唾液中皮质醇、IgA、IgG、IgM的变化规律，探讨采用唾液指标监测高气压环境下应激水平的可行性，为筛选高气压环境下的应激监测指标提供依据。方法海上330 m实潜试验减压期间，每天定时收集潜水员唾液标本，采用放免法测定唾液中皮质醇浓度，采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定唾液标本中IgA、IgG、IgM浓度。结果与基础值[（117．0±35．4）μg／L]比较，减压期间，皮质醇与IgA、IgG、IgM浓度在第2天（减压初期）均出现下降，在第8天（减压中期）IgA[（129．5±114．8）μg／L]出现下降；其他时间唾液指标浓度高于基础值，其中唾液皮质醇在第12天接近显著性水平[（7．7±85．9）μg／L，（t＝3．014，P＝0．057）]，第13天差异有统计学意义[（208．1±15．4）μg／L，（t＝8．424，P＝0．014）]，IgA、IgG、IgM浓度变化未有统计学意义。唾液指标两两之间呈现正相关。趋势图显示潜水员减压阶段，初期各指标出现下降，中期相对平稳，减压末期出现小幅上升。结论唾液皮质醇可以作为高气压环境下应激监测的指标，为潜水员应激的进一步干预提供依据。

Objective To observe the change pattern of cortisol,IgA,IgG and IgMin the saliva of the naval divers during decompression of the 330 m saturation dive in the open sea,and also to explore the practicability of monitoring the stress level of divers under hyperbaric pressure by using the saliva indicators,so as to provide scientific evidence for the screening of stress-related indicators under hyperbaric environment. Methods During decompression of the 330 m saturation dive,saliva samples of the divers were collected at set time.The cortisol level was detected by using radioimmunoassay and IgA,IgG and IgM levels were monitored by using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA ）.Results As compared with the baseline data [Cortisol：（117.0 ±35.4）μg/L],all the parameters including cortisol,IgA,IgG and IgM concentrations decreased at day 2 （at the initial decompression phase）,and at day 8 （at the medium decompression stage）IgA concentration also decreased（129.5 ±114.8）μg/L].However,salivary cortisol concentration at other time points was higher than the baseline data,and salivary cortisol concentration at day 12 （207.7 ±85.9）μg/L] approached the significant level （t=3.014,P=0.057）,and on day 13 [（208.1 ±15.4）μg/L]it reached significant level （t =8.424,P =0.014 ）.Nevertheless,the levels of IgA,IgG and IgM failed to reach significant levels.Results indicated that the two salivary indicators were positively correlated.It was shown from the graph that various indicators decreased at the initial decompression stage at the early stage,and their levels remained relatively stable at medium decompression stage,while these levels increased slightly at the late stage＆amp;nbsp;of decompression.Conclusions Under hyperbaric environment,salivary cortisol could be used as a stress indicator and could provide scientific evidence for the intervention of stress during saturation diving.