北京市对外客运枢纽客流及集疏系统特征分析

Characteristics of Passenger Collection & Distribution System and Traffic Flow of External Passenger Transport Hub: A Case of Beijing

城市对外客运枢纽是城市内外交通联系的结合部,其客流及集疏系统特征直接影响其组织及优化的侧重点及相应策略。在阐述不同对外客运枢纽乘客年龄构成、来源地特征、职业构成等个体属性,出行目的、出行停留时间等出行特征,以及对外客运枢纽服务群体特征的基础上,从集疏系统结构特征、时空特征、衔接特征?3?个方面对对外客运枢纽集疏系统特征进行分析,最后以北京市为例,提出缩短枢纽集疏距离与时间、优化集疏系统衔接设计、选择发展策略的侧重点等北京市对外客运枢纽的发展策略。

An external passenger transport hub （EPTH） in a city is the interface which connects urban and intercity traffic. Its passenger flow characteristics as well as collection ＆ distribution system features directly affect the transportation organization and optimization focuses and corresponding strategies.. Based on analyzing the passenger＇s attributes of age, origin, income level and occupation for different types of EPTH as well as characteristics of passenger service group, this paper analyses the characteristics of external passenger transport hub passenger collection ＆ distribution from three aspects including structural characteristics, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics. Finally, take the case study of Beijing for example, this paper proposes a set of development strategies for EPTH, such as shortening the hub collection and distribution distance and time, optimizing the interchange and connection system design, and determines priority and focus of the development strategies, etc.