盐酸氨溴索保护利多卡因和生理盐水致大鼠气管黏膜及肺组织损伤的实验研究

Ambroxol hydrochloride attenuates intratracheal instillation of Lidocaine or Normal saline-induced airway mucosa and lung injury in rat

目的探讨盐酸氨溴索对大鼠气管内注入利多卡因及生理盐水所致气管黏膜及肺组织损伤的保护作用。方法将雄性wistar大鼠随机分为生理盐水组(NS组)和利多卡因组(LD组)及两组相应的盐酸氨溴索干预组(NS+AB组和LD+AB组)。NS、LD组大鼠麻醉后分别于气管内注射生理盐水、利多卡因,干预组在注射药物前6h腹腔注入盐酸氨溴索注射液(70mg/kg)。给药后2、24、48、72、96h处死大鼠,光镜观察肺组织改变,电镜观察气管黏膜变化。结果干预组术后2h黏膜受损面积,NS+AB组为(73.1±2.7)%,LD+AB组为(75.5±3.2)%,分别显著低于NS组的(94.4±2.8)%,LD组的(92.8±2.4)%。NS+AB组术后24h黏膜基本恢复正常,受损面积(2.5±0.5)%明显低于NS组术后24h的(73.7±7.8)%。LD+AB组术后48h黏膜恢复正常,受损面积(2.4±0.5)%显著低于LD组术后48h的(54.0±4.6)%。光镜观察见干预组术后2h上皮细胞水肿、排列紊乱较NS、LD组明显减轻,NS+AB组术后24h基本恢复正常,LD+AB组术后48h基本恢复正常。结论气管内注入利多卡因和生理盐水对下呼吸道可造成损伤,盐酸氨溴索对其具有保护作用。

Objective To study the effect of ambroxol hydrochloride on the injury of rat airway mucosa and lung tissue induced by intratracheal instillation of lidocaine or normal saline.Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into lido-caine group（LD）,noramal saline group（NS）and their ambroxol hydrochloride（AB）intervention groups[LD＋AB and NS＋AB]respectively.The rats in LD and NS were intratracheally injected with lidocaine or normal saline injection slowly through thyrocricoid puncture under intraperitoneal anesthesia.The rats in intervention group were intraperitoneally injected with ambroxol hydrochloride at dose of 70mg/kg 6hbefore intratracheal instillation of drugs.Five rats were sacrificed respectively at the time points of 2h,24 h,48h,72 h,96hafter intratracheal instillation in each group.The middle-low segment of the trachea and the posterior lobe of right lung were collected for pathological observation under electron microscope and the light microscope.Results The injured area of mucous was significantly smaller in AB intervention groups than their experimental groups at2h：NS＋AB groups（73.1±2.7）% vs NS group（94.4±2.8）%,LD＋AB groups（75.5±3.2）% vs LD group（92.8±2.4）%.The mucosa returned to normal at 24 hin NS＋AB groups and at 48 hin LD＋AB groups,and the injured area were（2.5±0.5）%and（2.4±0.5）%separately which were significantly smaller than their experimental groups：（73.7±7.8）%and（54.0±4.6）%.Cell edema and disorganization of cell arrangement of pneumocytes significantly attenuated at 2hin intervention groups compared with their experimental groups.The mucosa and lung returned to normal at 24 hin NS＋ABs group and at 48 h in LD＋AB groups.Conclusion Intratracheal instillation of lidocaine or normal saline induces injury in rat airway mucosa and lung tissues.Ambroxol hydrochloride attenuates the injury.