高低特质焦虑水平个体面部表情觉知阈限的测量

Measuring the Facial Expression Awareness Threshold of High and Low Trait Anxiety Levels of Individual

该研究采用后掩蔽范式,将自信心评定法与心理物理学的方法相结合,测得了高、低特质焦虑水平个体的6种基本表情(愤怒、厌恶、恐惧、高兴、悲伤、惊讶)的觉知阈限,并进行了比较。结果发现:在恐惧表情条件下,高特质焦虑个体的觉知阈限显著小于低特质焦虑个体的,在其他表情条件下,高、低特质焦虑个体的觉知阈限没有显著差异;在低特质焦虑组,愤怒表情的觉知阈限显著大于厌恶、恐惧和高兴的,恐惧和高兴表情的觉知阈限显著小于愤怒、悲伤和惊讶的。在高特质焦虑组,愤怒表情的觉知阈限显著大于厌恶、恐惧和高兴的,高兴表情的觉知阈限小于愤怒、悲伤和惊讶的,恐惧表情的觉知阈限显著小于其他表情的;女性的觉知阈限显著小于男性的。因此,较低特质焦虑水平的个体,高特质焦虑水平的个体觉知恐惧表情的能力更强;面部表情觉知存在性别差异,女性的觉知能力较男性更强。

This study used backward masking paradigm,method of confidence assessment combined with the methods of psychophysics,measured high and low trait anxiety of individuals of 6 basic facial expressions（ anger,disgust,fear,happiness,sadness,and surprise）threshold of awareness,and were compared. The results showed that individuals with high trait anxiety levels had a lower awareness threshold of fear than those with low trait anxiety levels. No significant differences were observed between individuals with high and low trait anxiety levels with regard to the other expressions. On high trait anxiety,the threshold value of anger was significantly higher than those of disgust,fear,and happiness. The threshold values for happiness were significantly lower than those of anger,sadness,and surprise. The threshold values for fear were significantly lower than those of other expressions. On low trait anxiety,the threshold value of anger was significantly higher than those of disgust,fear,and happiness. The threshold values for happiness and fear were significantly lower than those of anger,sadness,and surprise. Therefore,compared with low trait anxiety levels of individual,high trait anxiety of individuals has the better detection ability of facial expression; The facial expression awareness thresholds differ by gender,females showed significantly better detection ability than males.