外来与留守小学生心理行为问题的对照研究

Comparative study on mental behavior problems of migrant and left-behind children

目的:了解昆明市小学生的心理健康状况及特征,并对外来儿童、留守儿童等特殊群体的心理健康状况进行分析,为制订干预措施提供依据。方法:运用Rutter儿童行为量表(教师用)对昆明市2所小学的380名儿童进行调查,分析留守儿童、外来儿童的心理健康状况,并与其他儿童及昆明市儿童常模进行比较。结果:2所小学儿童行为问题检出率为18.5%,不同性别儿童检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=136.903,P<0.05);不同年级检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.273,P>0.05);外来儿童、留守儿童总体检出率明显高于普通家庭儿童,在检出有行为问题的儿童中,外来儿童以神经质行为为主,留守儿童以反社会行为为主。结论:昆明市外来儿童、留守儿童心理健康状况不容乐观,应该引起重视。

Objective： To explore the pupil＇s mental health status and characteristics in Kunming city, and analyze the mental health status of migrant and left-behind pupils, to provide foundations for interventions. Method： Three hundred and eighty pupils of the two primary schools in Kunming city were assessed with Rut- ter Child Behavior Checklist（ for teachers）, the mental health status of left-behind children and migrant children was analyzed,and compared with other children and the normal children in Kunming city. Results：The be- havior problem rate of two primary schools pupils was 18.5%, the gender difference was statistically significant （ χ2 = 136. 903, P 〉 0.05 ） ; the grade difference was not statistically significant （ χ2 = 4. 273, P 〉 0.05 ） ; the problem behavior rate of migrant children and left-behind children was significantly higher than normal children. Among the children with problem behavior, the migrant children showed more neurotic behavior, while left-be- hind children more antisocial behavior. Conclusion ： The mental health status of migrant and left-behind chil- dren in Kunming city is not so good,which should be paid attention to.