某医院2013~2015年肠道门诊患者流行病学特点

Survey on the epidemiolgical features of patients in intestinal outpatient department of a hospital during 2013 to 2015

目的探讨肠道门诊在肠道传染病筛查中的作用。方法收集2013年至2015年4月至10月北京友谊医院肠道门诊日常工作中腹泻患者就诊数据进行分析。结果 2013年至2015年4月至10月,北京友谊医院肠道门诊就诊人数逐年下降,每年以6~8月为腹泻患者就诊的高峰月,以北京友谊医院所在地周边区域患者居多,上午7~10点为发病高峰期,占总患病人数的41.1%。26~40岁及50~66岁患者发病率高,分别占总就诊人数的32.4%和30.7%。2013~2015年临床诊断急性细菌性痢疾的发生率逐年升高（P=0.002）,但3年间实验室确诊急性细菌性痢疾的发生率无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论哨点医院肠道门诊的监测数据,如感染性腹泻、急性细菌性痢疾、霍乱例数,就诊人次,以及前三者与就诊人次的比值可以反映出此地区肠道传染病的流行态势,加强肠道病原及药敏监测,对监测急性肠道传染病具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the role of intestinal outpatient department in monitoring and controlling of acute enteric infectious diseases.Methods The data of daily visits to the intestinal outpatient department of this hospital during April 2913 to October 2015 were analyzed.Results The number of patients in intestinal outpatient departemt of this hospital had been dropped year by year during this period,and the amount of patients usually peaked in June to August each year.Most of these patients were from the area around this hospital.Patients were mostly seen in the period from 7：00 am to 10：00 am,especially in patients with age ranges at 26 - 40 and 50 - 66 years old.The morbidity of acute bacteria dysentery had been increased year by year from 2013 to 2015（ P = 0.002）,while the number of patients with confirmed diagnosis by laboratory examination during these 3 years had no statically difference.Conclusion Monitoring data on the proportion of infectious diarrhea,acute bacillary dysentery and cholera and clinic visits display the necessity and importance of intestinal outpatient department in monitoring enteric infectious diseases.