孵化环境对家禽胚胎骨骼肌发育的影响

Effects of Incubating Environment on Muscle Development of Poultry Embryo

孵化环境因素(孵化温度、光照、运动刺激等)和种蛋自身的营养水平均能影响胚胎的发育。在胚胎后期家禽的骨骼肌往往会发生大量降解,造成肌纤维萎缩,而影响后期的生长发育。此时对孵化的环境进行调控或对胚胎补充外源性的营养物质则可以改善其能量代谢状态、促进肌肉发育。文章结合家禽胚胎后期肌肉特异性的发育过程来探讨孵化温度、光照、运动刺激及胚蛋给养等因素对肌肉发育的影响。

Incubation environmental factors（incubation temperature,illumination,motion stimulation,etc.）and breeder eggs nutrition level can affect the growth of embryo. In the late-term embryo skeletal muscle often occurs substantial degradation,resulting in muscle fiber atrophy,and affecting late growth. At this point,if the environment of hatching were manipulated or embryos were added exogenous nutrients,it could improve the state of energy metabolism and promote muscle development. Therefore,effect of incubation temperature,illumination,motion stimulation and in ovo feeding on muscle development were explored combined with specific developmental processes of muscle in postembryonic period of poultry.