北京市密云区居民急性胃肠炎流行病学特征与风险因素调查

Investigation on epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of acute gastroenteritis among residents in Miyun District of Beijing

目的了解北京市密云区居民急性胃肠炎患病情况、发病趋势、流行特征及其影响因素,掌握急性胃肠炎病人的月患病率、年发病率,估计急性胃肠炎的食源性比例,为预防控制食源性疾病提供依据和参考。方法采用多阶段随机抽样,开展为期12个月的回顾性横断面调查,Epi Data 3.02软件双录入数据库,利用SPSS 20.0软件分析及@risk 5.5软件进行数据模拟和推算。结果共调查1 664人,应答率99.05%,急性肠胃炎的月患病率为2.28%（95%CI：1.57%-3.00%）,年发病率为0.30次/人年（95%CI：0.29次/人年-0.31次/人年）。每年约有14.37万人次罹患急性胃肠炎,食源性比例点估计值0.303 0。结论北京市密云区居民急性胃肠炎发病率较高,发病人次数较庞大,食源性引起所占比例较高,季节、文化程度和家庭人口数等为患急性胃肠炎的风险因素,应加强居民急性胃肠炎的监测并扩大监测范围,定期开展社区居民急性胃肠炎的调查并适当增加其样本量,获取更加准确、全面的调查数据,制定干预措施并加以评估。

Objective To understand the prevalence,incidences,epidemiological characteristics and the influencing factors of acute gastroenteritis among residents in Miyun District of Beijing,find out the monthly and annual incidences of acute gastroenteritis,and estimate the foodborne proportion to provide a reference for the prevention and control of food borne diseases. Methods Multistage random sampling was used to carry out a retrospective cross-sectional survey for 12 months. Epi Data 3. 02 software was used to double entry database,and the data were simulated and calculated by SPSS20. 0 software and @ risk 5. 5 software. Results The response rate was 99. 05% in 1 664 respondents, acute gastroenteritis prevalence rate was 2. 28%（ 95% CI： 1. 57%-3. 00%）,and annual incidence rate was 0. 30（ 95% CI：0. 29-0. 31） times per person per year. About 143. 7 thousand residents had acute gastroenteritis each year with 30. 30% of foodborne. Conclusion The acute gastroenteritis incidents among residents in Miyun District of Beijing was high,the number of patients was big,much of which was foodborne. Season,education level and family size were the risk factors for acute gastroenteritis. It＇s necessary to strengthen the monitoring of acute gastroenteritis,expand the scope of monitoring,carry out regular investigation in communities, increase the sample size appropriately to obtain more accurate and comprehensive survey data,and implement intervention measures and assessments.