叠后去噪在煤田三维地震资料处理中的应用

Application of post stack noise suppression in coal field seismic data processing

在地震资料高分辨率、高保真度、高信噪比的处理中,高信噪比是基础,提高信噪比是地震数据处理的首要任务。叠后去噪处理能够在去噪的同时保证资料的高分辨率和高保真度。介绍了目前常用的去噪方法以及三维正交多项式拟合去噪的原理,该方法优化了扫描及拟合的过程,能够快速自动地处理大数据量的三维地震数据。实际资料处理结果表明,叠后去噪处理能够很好地压制背景噪声,增强目的层反射波同相轴的连续性和信号的能量,提高叠加剖面的信噪比和分辨率,并且能够清楚地刻画出地质构造特征,应用效果较好。

High signal to noise ratio is the basic one in the three factors that can obtain the high quality results in seismic data processing,the other two factors are high resolution and high fidelity. Improving the SNR is the primary task of seismic processing. Noise elimination after stacking can ensure the high resolution and the high fidelity of seismic data. The author introduced the method of common denoising and the principle of 3D fitting orthogonal polynomial. This method has optimized the fitting process and can automatically process the large 3D seismic data. The processing results of practical data showed that noise elimination after stacking can not only suppress the background noise,but also improve the continuity of reflection events. Besides that,this method can improve the SNR and the resolution of stacked section and reveal the geological-technical feature. The result of practical application is satisfactory.