对华南矿产资源深部探测若干问题的探讨-以若干超大型矿床深部找矿突破为例

A discussion on some problems concerning deep exploration of mineral resources in South China

华南是中国近百年内矿产资源开发强度比较高的地区,形成了赣南钨矿、桂北锡矿、湘南铅锌矿等一大批老矿山。随着已探明资源的快速消耗,"深地"探测、深部找矿已是大势所趋。基于对华南不同地区、不同类型、不同企业矿山生产情况的了解,文章对矿产资源的深部探测问题,从探测的目标、理论、深度、程度、效益等诸方面加以探讨,认为:当前技术经济条件下,1坚持国家目标、科学目标和人才目标相结合的原则,宜灵活运用各种成矿理论,充分发挥"五层楼+地下室"等勘查模型的作用,把"层状含矿地质体"作为矿产资源深部探测的主要目标;2坚持从已知到未知和由浅入深的原则,重点在老矿区和浅部地质与矿产资源比较清楚的工作程度比较高的地区优先部署工作,既可以降低风险又可以满足现实需要;3宜坚持点面结合的原则,2000 m、3000 m乃至于5000 m深钻的部署,宜相应地部署在矿床、矿田和矿集区工作程度最高的地区,达到立体探测和"透明化"的目的;4坚持综合评价的原则,综合调查、综合评价、综合研究,学科也要综合,避免单打一,避免单学科冒进。以问题为导向,具体问题具体分析,注意合理的探测深度和工作程度,抓住关键,有针对性地布设工作量,才能取得成效。

Based on geological research on different regions of South China, different types of mineral deposits and different kinds of production mine enterprises from 1988 to 2016, the author tentatively discusses some key problems concerning deep explorationof mineral resources in such aspects as the target, the theory, the depth, the extent and the efficiency. Under the current technical andeconomic conditions, the author puts forward some suggestions： firstly, considering the national goal, scientific objectives andpersonnel, it is necessary to be flexible in the use of various metallogenic theories, to fully use the ＂Five levels ＋ Basement＂exploration model, and to take the potential bedded orebody and layered ore- bearing geological body as the main target in deepexploration of mineral resources. Secondly, according to the principle‘from the known to the unknown and from the shallow to thedeep’, it is necessary to work in the mining areas especially in the orefields and/or ore concentration areas with relatively highdegree of shallow geological work and relatively clear understanding of metallogeny, which can reduce the risk and can meet thepractical needs. Thirdly, it is necessary to adhere to the principle that the 2000 m, 3000 m 5000 m deep drilling should be deployedin ore deposits, orefields and ore- concentration areas which have the highest degree of favorable geology and prospect so as toachieve the purpose of exploration. Fourthly, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of comprehensive evaluation, comprehensivesurvey, comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive study, paying attention to the reasonable probing depth and seizing keyproblem of deep exploration, so as to avoid the rash advance based on single subject of rash. Only in this way can good results beachieved.