“气”涵义嬗演及中医气理论发生

The Meaning Evolution of “Material force” and the Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine

"气"字最初见于甲骨文和金文,通"乞"、"迄"、"讫",非名词涵义;名词"气"之初始概念皆指物理世界中具有感性色彩的客观实在;自西周晚期始,其由具象涵义上升为抽象的哲学概念,并用以说明世界的秩序、联系和事物的变化;而后至战国明确将气作为化生世界万物的本原。古代哲学之"气"对中医"气"论发生影响巨大,成为中医理论的核心范畴,表现为生理观——天地合气,命之曰人;病理观——邪气盛则实,精气夺则虚;医理观——调和阴阳,以平为期。

Word 'Qi' first appeared in Oracle and Jinwen, equivalent to 'beg', 'until', 'arrive'and not a noun meaning; Initial concept of the noun 'Qi' is the objective reality with the perceptual color in the physical word; Since the late Western Zhou Dynasty, its meaning changed from the figurative one to the abstract philosophical concepts and used to explain the world order, contact and things change; And then to Zhanguo, 'Material force' is used as the origin of all things. Material force in Chinese philosophy has had a huge impact on TCM theory and become as the core category of it, which shows Physiological view-heaven and earth together is people's life; Pathological view-Evil is real and nutrients are empty; Medical view-Harmonic Yin and Yang, with flat for a period.