基于空间信息技术的六股河流域河网水系提取

Extraction of River Networks of Liugu River Watershed Based on Spatial Information Technology

快速有效地获取河网水系特征信息对于流域水文分析具有重要的意义。为此,选取辽宁省六股河流域作为研究对象,以30 m空间分辨率的数字高程模型(DEM)作为基础数据,采用美国ESRI公司开发的地理信息系统软件ArcGIS,对该流域的水流方向、累积汇流栅格、河网水系等基础信息进行了提取研究。将河网提取结果与国家基础信息中心提供的1∶4 000 000河流水系基础资料进行对比,提取结果的干流河网段与实际水系形态特征较为吻合,提取的流域面积与实际流域面积相差1.99%,表明空间信息技术应用于六股河流域水文基础信息提取是可行的,可为流域水文模拟、数字流域建设等研究提供基础数据支持。

Quickly and efficiently obtaining river network information is of great significance for basin hydrological analysis. In this paper,the fundamental information of flow direction,flow accumulation raster,and river network is extracted using Arc GIS based on DEM（ digital elevation model） data with spatial resolution of 30 meters. Liugu river watershed in Liaoning province is taken as a case study. Furthermore,the extraction results are compared with the real river stream with spatial resolution of 1 ∶ 4 000 000,and the main river stream network matches well. The area difference between the extraction and the actual basin is only 1.99%,indicating that the spatial information technology is available to the watershed characteristics extraction. The extraction data could provide data support for hydrologic simulation and digital basin construction.