旅行理论——西方归化和异化在中国的传播

Traveling Theory: The Dissemination of Domestication and Foreignization in China

以赛义德的旅行理论为依据,考察归化和异化在中国的旅程颇具意义。自20世纪90年代后期西方的归化和异化理论进入中国以来,遭到的抵制极少,几乎被全盘接受,加入并推进了国内的直译和意译之争,但是也遭到了极大的改造,被简化为技术转换和具体的方法,广泛应用于各种翻译,原本提倡异化的唯一选择变成了辩证调和的选择,原本因与伦理和政治等关联而体现出的叛逆色彩消失殆尽。改造的原因主要在于国内固有的思维惯性和定势,包括整体性模糊直觉思维、二元对立与中和思维、去语境化思维等。同时体现了它们在新的接纳条件下不得不被同化、被驯化的情形。

Edward Said＇s traveling theory is used to examine the travel of Domestication and Foreignization to China. Western Domestication and foreignization have enjoyed great popularity since they were imported into China at the end of 1990s. They have been accepted completely and have promoted the debate of ＂ literal vs. free＂ translation in China. However, although they encounter little resistance, they have undergone great transfor^nation, which can be classified into reduction to technical transference, change of ＂ not… but＂.” category into ＂ either.＂ or.＂ ＂ or ＂ both＂ category, loss of original ethical and political rebelliousness. Among the various factors responsible for their transfor^mation the most important is the stereotyped thinking mode in Chinese translation studies, including holistic and intuitive thinking, binary opposition and mean thought, and decontextualized way of thinking. This also demonstrates their assimilation and acclimatization under the new accepting conditions.