吉林省西部耐水湿、抗盐碱水田防护林树种优选

Optimized Selection of Tree Species for Shelter Belt of Paddy Field on Waterlogging Tolerant Trees and Salinization Resistance Trees in West Jilin

以吉林省西部常见的14个树种(品种)为研究对象,通过扦插成活率、造林成活率和造林保存率、生长量的连续调查与分析,筛选出吉林省西部耐水湿、抗盐碱水田防护林适宜树种。扦插试验结果表明,14个树种中白城小黑杨、白林3号杨、黑皮柳、白榆和垂爆109柳扦插成活率较高,分别为86.1%、86.3%、90.4%、90.9%和97%;进一步观测5个初选树种的树高、地径生长指标,结果表明,黑皮柳的生长表现较差,其年高生长和径生长仅为0.73 m和0.84 cm,与其他树种差异极显著;白城小黑杨、白林3号杨、白榆、垂爆109柳造林后的生长观测显示,白林3号杨造林保存率仅为86%,与其他树种差异极显著。最终确定白城小黑、白榆和垂爆109柳列为吉林省西部抗盐碱、耐水湿水田防护林适宜树种。

14 trees （varieties） including Populus xcanadensiscv. ‘ Serotina’ and Populuspsedosimonii x nigracv ‘ Baicheng’, etc. were taken as the studied objects. Through consistently investigating and analyzing the cuttings survival rate, afforestation survival rate, preservation rate and the growth, the suitable tree species were optimally selected from the 14 species for the water resistance and alkali resistant paddy soil in the west of Jilin province. The cutting experimental results showed that, of the 14 species, the Populuspsedosimonii x nigracv ‘ Baicheng’, （P . psuedo - simonii × P. n ig ra ） × P . euramericanacv. , ‘ heilin3 ’ ,Salix limprichtii, Ulmuspumila, and salix × ‘ Chidbao1099 were of higher cuttings survival rate of 86. 1 % , 86. 3 % , 90.4 % , 90. 9% and 9 7 % , respectively. It was indicated, by further observation of tree height and diameter growth index of the five species, that the Salix lim prichtii growth performance was relatively poor, of the annual height growth and diameter growth only 0. 73m and 0. 84cm, respec-tively ,which had significant difference with other species. After afforestation, the growth of Populuspsedosimonii x nigracv ＊ Baicheng, , P. × “ Bailin - 3” , Ulmuspumila and salix × ‘ Chidbaol09’ were observed. The observation results showed that, the survival rate of P. × uBailin - 3tf was only 86 % , significantly different from other tree species. Hence, Populuspsedosimonii × nigracv בBaicheng9 ’ , Ulmuspumila and salix × ‘ Chuibaol09’ were water and alkali resistance, and were demonstrated to be the most suitable tree species for shelter belt of paddy field in Western Jilin.