秋冬季补光时间和强度对白羽王鸽产蛋性能、血清生理生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Supplementary Lighting Time and Intensity on Laying Performance,Serum Physiological and Biochemical Parameters and Antioxidant Capacity of Columba in Fall and Winter

本试验旨在研究秋冬季不同补光时间和强度对白羽王鸽产蛋性能、血清生理生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响。试验将280只健康的8月龄白羽王鸽(全为母鸽)进行两两配对,共140对即140笼,并按体重相近的原则,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复7笼(14只)。各组补光时间和强度分别为:0 h、0 lx,4 h、31.2 lx,4 h、20.5 lx,6 h、31.2 lx,6 h、20.5 lx。试验期125 d。结果表明:1)4 h、20.5 lx,6 h、31.2 lx组产蛋率显著高于0 h、0 lx组(P<0.05),各组平均日采食量、平均蛋重无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)6 h、31.2 lx,6 h、20.5 lx组血清免疫球蛋白M含量显著低于0 h、0 lx组(P<0.05)。4 h、31.2 lx,4 h、20.5 lx,6 h、31.2 lx和6 h、20.5 lx组血清谷草转氨酶活性均高于0 h、0 lx组(P>0.05)。3)各组血清催乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、促卵泡激素、黄体生成素和孕酮含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但0 h、0 lx组血清PRL含量高于其他各组,血清E2含量低于其他各组。4)与0 h、0 lx组相比,6 h、31.2 lx组血清超氧化物歧化物活性显著降低(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。0 h、0 lx,4 h、20.5 lx,6h、20.5 lx组肝脏MDA含量显著低于6 h、31.2 lx组(P<0.05)。由此可见,补光时间和强度为4 h、20.5 lx时,白羽王鸽可获得较好的产蛋性能。补光时间过长(6 h)且强度过高(31.2 lx)可显著降低白羽王鸽抗氧化能力,补光强度应不超过20.5 lx。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different supplementary lighting time and intensity on laying performance,serum physiological and biochemical parameters and antioxidant capacity of Columba in fall and winter.Two hundred and eighty eight-month-old healthy Columba（female pigeons） were paired,a total of 140 pairs with similar body weight were randomly assigned into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and per 7 pairs per replicate.Pigeons were exposed on supplementary lighting time and intensity with 0 h and 0 lx,4 h and 31.2 lx,4 h and 20.5 lx,6 h and 31.2 lx,and 6 h and 20.5 lx,respectively.The experiment lasted for 125 days.The results showed as follow： 1） the laying rate in groups 4 h and 20.5 lx and 6 h and31.2 lx was significantly higher than that in group 0 h and 0 lx（P〈0.05）,no significant difference was found among all groups on average egg weight and average daily feed intake（P〉0.05）.2） The serum immunoglobulin M content in groups 6 h and 31.2 lx and 6 h and 20.5 lx was significantly lower than that in group 0 h and 0lx（P〈0.05）.The serum aspartate transaminase activity in groups 4 h and 31.2 lx,4 h and 20.5 lx,6 h and31.2 lx,and 6 h and 20.5 lx was higher than that in group 0 h and 0 lx（P〉0.05）.3） No obvious differences were found among all groups on the contents of prolactin（PRL）,estradiol（E2）,follicle,luteinizing hormone and progesterone in serum（P〉0.05）,but the serum PRL content in group 0 h and 0 lx was higher than that in other groups,and serum E2 content in group 0 h and 0 lx was lower than that in other groups.4） Compared with group 0 h and 0 lx,the serum superoxide dismutase activity in group 6 h and 31.2 lx was significantly decreased（P〈0.05）,but the serum malondialdehyde（MDA） content in group 6 h and 31.2 lx was significantly increased（P〈0.05）; the liver MDA content in group 6 h and 31.2 lx was higher than that in groups 0 h and 0lx,4 h and 20.5 lx,6 h and 20.5 lx（P〈0.05）.To sum up,the pigeons can get better laying performance when supplementary lighting time is 4 h and intensity is 20.5 lx.The antioxidant capacity of pigeons is weaken when supplementary lighting time is too long（6 h） and intensity is too high（31.2 lx）,and supplementary intensity should be no higher than 20.5 lx.