顶紧螺栓的防松螺母安装位置探讨

Discussion on the Installation Position of the Locknut of the Puller Bolt

顶紧螺栓配合防松螺母的结构在工程实际中得到广泛应用,防松螺母安装在顶紧螺栓的工作面侧和非工作面侧都比较常见,本文分析了这两种安装方式的螺旋副受力情况,认为两种方式各有优劣。安装在非工作面侧时,螺母预紧力的操作方向和螺栓的顶紧操作方向一致,拆卸方向也一致,操作方便,但是需要的预紧力要大于受到的外力;安装在工作面侧时,螺母预紧力的操作方向和螺栓的顶紧操作方向相反,拆卸方向也相反,防松效果较好,但是需要从工艺上保证防松效果。

In the engineering practice, the structure of the puller bolt and locknut is widely used. It is common in the working face and non working side of the bolt. This paper analyzes the two kinds of screw pair force condition, and thinks that the two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Installed in the non working side, nuts pretightening force operating direction and bolt top tight operating in the same direction, disassembly direction, easy to operate, but need to preload to greater than by force; installed in the side of the working face, nuts pretightening force operating direction and bolt the top tight operating in the opposite direction, disassembly direction is opposite, anti loosening effect is good, but need to from process ensure locking effect.