美国炼油业发展现状及对中国的启示

US refining industry development status and its enlightenment to China

无论在高油价时代,还是低油价时期,美国炼油业的发展都要优于全球其他地区。美国的炼油能力一直位居全球之首,开工率处于全球先进水平,装置结构基本适应国内外油品及化工原料供给的变化趋势,汽油质量标准因地制宜,不搞"一刀切"。对比美国炼油业的发展现状,中国炼厂的加氢能力明显不足,面临着高辛烷值汽油组分不足的极大挑战。从国家层面,应加大先进产能建设,严格行业准入,严控投资节奏;为避免油品质量过剩,在高海拔地区,可以考虑适当降低汽油的辛烷值标准。

The development of crude refining in the US is superior to the rest of the world whether in the era of high oil prices or under lower oil prices. The US refinery capacity has been the top of the world and the rate of operation is relatively high. Its the refinery unit structure basically conforms to the trend of changes in the supply of oil products and chemical raw materials in the world and fuel specifications have been more in line with actual situations. Compared to states＇ development status, shortage of high octane gasoline components is a great challenge to China＇s refinery for insufficiently hydro-treating capability. The government should intensify the building of advanced productivity, set strict industry access and the pace of investment. In order to avoid excessive fuel quality, reducing gasoline octane number appropriately at high altitudes should be considered.