微小RNA-21对干细胞增殖与分化的调控作用研究进展

Advances in search for the regulation role of microRNA-21 on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells

微小RNA(miRNA)作为一种新发现的非编码单链小分子RNA,通过转录后调控,参与细胞的各种生命活动。其中的miR-21不仅是重要的癌基因,而且在干细胞的增殖与分化方面也发挥重要的调控作用。过表达miR-21对干细胞增殖与自我更新具有明显的抑制作用。MiR-21可通过靶向调控不同信号通路中的关键分子,影响干细胞的多向分化。MiR-21能促进干细胞向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞、血管内皮细胞、雪旺细胞及胰腺细胞等方向分化。为此本文对miRNA-21对干细胞增殖与分化的影响及机制做一综述。

MicroRNA（miRNA） is a novel non coding single stranded small molecule RNA,which plays an important role in the process of cell life by post transcriptional regulation.MicroRNA-21（miR-21） is not only an important oncogene,but also it plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.Numerous studies have shown that the overexpression of miR-21 had inhibitory effect on the proliferation and self-renewal of stem cell.In the course of stem cell differentiation,miR-21 plays a key role in the regulation of different signaling pathways,and its unique role influences the differentiation of stem cells.In the differentiation of stem cells,miR-21 can promote the stem cells to devide into adipocytes,osteoblasts,vascular endothelial cells,Schwann cells,and pancreatic cell.In this paper,the effect of miR-21 on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells was overviewed for improving the efficiency of stem cells in clinic.