重庆市小麦条锈病发生规律和影响因素分析

Occurrence regularity and influencing factors of wheat stripe rust in Chongqing

【目的】对重庆市小麦条锈病的发病规律和影响因素进行分析,为重庆市小麦条锈病综合防治提供科学依据。【方法】收集整理重庆市2009-2014年间小麦条锈病监测资料和温度、降水等气象要素的变化情况,对重庆市小麦条锈病发生现状及特点进行总结,同时对影响该病流行的因素进行初步分析。【结果】重庆市在经历了2009年的小麦条锈病大流行之后,2010-2014年发病程度虽然有所减轻,但仍呈波动性发生的特点。小麦品种抗病性的丧失、充足的越冬菌源量以及适宜的冬春温湿度与该病在重庆市的发生程度密切相关。【结论】结合病原菌小种毒性变异速度和菌源地压力因素分析认为,重庆市再次暴发小麦条锈病的可能性非常大。

【Objective】Occurrence regularity and influencing factors of wheat stripe rust in Chongqing were analyzed to provide scientific basis for its comprehensive control.【Method】The monitoring data of wheat stripe rust and meteorological data including temperature and precipitation were collected from 2009 to 2014in Chongqing.The current situation and occurrence characteristics of wheat stripe rust were summarized and the influencing factors were analyzed.【Result】The disease severity reduced between 2010and2014 with a fluctuating trend after the epidemic in 2009.Loss of wheat disease resistance,enormous overwinter inoculum source,and appropriate temperature and humidity closely related with disease severity.【Conclusion】Combined analysis on the race variation rate and the stress of inoculum source regions suggested that wheat stripe rust has large possibility to breakout again in Chongqing.