中国工业技术进步要素增强特征及其区域比较

Factor-Augmenting Technology Progress Character of China's Industry and the Regional Comparison

基于增强型技术进步模型,使用中国省际面板数据对各区域层面工业技术进步特征进行实证比较。结果表明:30多年来,除西部地区外,大部分区域工业技术进步均为资本与劳动同时增强,各区域劳动增强属性普遍强于资本增强属性,呈现相对劳动增强型特征,大体符合新古典理论关于稳态增长下技术进步主要为劳动增强型的论述。尽管对稳态增长的判断尚未有足够证据,但在中国转型经济背景下,特定区域工业的技术特征可视为中国特色经济背景下众多复杂因素共同作用的结果;实证结果表明,中国大部分区域工业资本效率相对偏低,故针对性地调整工业技术进步方向和速度、控制过度资本深化、加强技术改造应成为主要的对策方向。

The paper uses a simplified factor-augmenting technology progress model, compartmentalizes three main investigated regions based on China＇ s provincial data, and measures the factor-augmenting technology progress character of industry among China＇ s regions from 1980 to 2011. The results show that in the past thirty years, excluding the west region, China＇ s most areas show a technological progress with a ＂relatively labor-enhancive＂ character. Though the conclusion is in accord with Uzawa＇ s steady-state theorem, the underlying reason deals with complicated background of China＇ s transitional economy. Thus, for most part of China＇ s regions, mass capital input still acts as the main driving force for industrial growth, while the direction and speed of technology change have to be adjusted to increase the industrial efficiency of China＇ s regions.