芳纶/高强聚乙烯纤维混杂复合材料低速冲击实验研究

Experimental research on the impact properties of aramid/UHMWPE fiber hybrid composite laminates

芳纶/高强聚乙烯纤维混杂复合材料具有灵活的可设计性和较高的减重效率,设计制备了2种层间混杂、2种夹芯混杂和层内混杂共5种混杂结构的芳纶/高强聚乙烯纤维混杂复合材料层板,通过落锤冲击试验研究了混杂结构、高强聚乙烯纤维混杂含量对其冲击载荷、冲击弹性应变能、冲击损伤形貌等抗冲击性能的影响。结果表明,芳纶/高强聚乙烯纤维混杂复合材料层板载荷峰值均大于2种单一纤维复合材料层板,试样冲击正面与背面均为芳纶纤维的层间混杂层板冲击载荷峰值最大,冲击正面与背面均为高强聚乙烯纤维的混杂层板分层损伤严重;5种混杂结构层板吸收的能量均小于单一纤维层板,而弹性应变能均大于单一纤维层板。在冲击能量相近的情况下,层内混杂层板冲击后损伤面积最小;随着高强聚乙烯纤维混杂含量增加,载荷峰值先增大后减小,当高强聚乙烯纤维混杂含量约为40%时,层间混杂复合材料层板冲击载荷峰值最大。文中进一步分析了混杂复合材料层板的冲击损伤破坏机制,为低速冲击防护产品的研发提供一定设计依据。

Aramid/UHMWPE fiber hybrid composites have good design flexibility and high weight effficiency.In this paper,five kinds of different hybrid structures of Aramid/UHMWPE fiber hybrid composite laminates were prepared,including two kinds of in- terlayer hybrid, two kinds of sandwich hybrid and one interlayer hybrid, and they were tested by falling weight impacts to study the hybrid structure and the effects of the UHMWPE fiber content on the impact peak load, the elastic energy and the impact damage. Results show that the Aramid/UHMWPE fiber hybrid composite laminates peak load is larger than that of two kinds of single fiber composite laminates. Aramid fiber interlayer hybrid laminate presents maximum peak impact load on the impact front and back sur- face, and there exists serious delamination damage on the impact front and back surface of UHMWPE fiber laminate.Five kinds of hybrid structure laminates absorption energy are less than that of single fiber laminates, and elastic energy is more than that of single fiber laminates.The interlayer hybrid laminate show the minimum damage area for the equal impact energy.With the increase amount of the UNMWPE, the peak impact load will increase first then decrease.When the amount comes to 40%, the interlayer hybrid lami- nates show the largest impact load. In this paper the hybrid composite laminate damage and failure mechanisms were further ana- lyzed,and the results provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the development of low-impact protection products.