政府公共危机管理应对策略分析——以“天津港爆炸案”为例

Analysis of Governments' Strategies on Solving Public Crisis—A Case Study of “Tianjin Explosions”

公共危机管理是政府公共危机发生前后为避免危机的扩大并且减少危机造成的损失,而制定并实施一系列管理措施和应对策略。政府公共危机管理是公共危机管理的重要组成部分。目前,我国政府公共危机管理存在政府危机管理体系有待完善、对公共危机的基本特征认识不足、缺乏法制规范等问题。从当前中国社会实际出发,结合"天津港爆炸案"这一典型案例,认为应着重从以下四方面进一步强化完善政府公共危机管理的策略:建立公共危机管理预警、救治、恢复机制;完善公共危机管理相关补偿责任机制;完善公共危机管理法律体系;加强危机意识宣传。

Public crisis management refers to a series of management measures and strategies formulated and taken by governments to avoid the expansion of crisis and reduce damages before and after crisis. It is a key part of public crisis management. This paper studies the strategies implemented by governments from three concrete paths, i. e. providing detailed information, guiding the handling,and repairing relationship. At the same time, there are some problems with government public crisis management： government crisis management system needs to be improved, understanding of the basic features of public crisis is insufficient, more legal regulations are needed. Taking ＂Tianjin Explosions＂ as an example, this paper explores the ways to revise the strategies for governments to deal with public crisis based on China＇s current circumstances. Suggestions are as follows： establishing a mechanism for warning, resolving and recovering crisis; improving the system of related compensation liability for public crisis management; perfecting the legal system of public crisis management; promoting crisis awareness. This discussion is of great theoretical and practical significance.