从精神分析批评角度看道连·葛雷悲剧的成因

The Causes for Dorian Gray's Tragedy from the Perspective of Psychoanalytic Criticism

王尔德在长篇小说《道连·葛雷的画像》中塑造了道连·葛雷这一形象。借助弗洛伊德的人格结构理论为研究依据,采取精神分析批评的方法,在小说人物与人格结构理论的对应关系基础上(即亨利勋爵、道连·葛雷、贝泽尔·霍尔渥德分别对应人格结构三个层次:本我、自我、超我),分析小说中人格结构三个层次的相互作用和道连·葛雷在双重人格下心理意识的变化,探究了道连·葛雷这一人物形象悲剧的成因。道连·葛雷无法解决其人格中存在的巨大矛盾,并由此产生了精神扭曲,最终导致了他走向毁灭的悲剧。

Wilde molded the character named Dorian Gray, in his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray. This paper studies the interactions among human personality components, i. e. id, ego, and super ego, and the changes of Gray＇s mental consciousness in dual personality, by using Freud＇s personality structure theory and psychoanalytic criticism. The study shows that the three characters of the novel, Lord Henry, Dorian Gray and Beizer Hallward, correspond with id, ego, and super ego, respectively. Besides, this paper explores the reasons contributing to Gray＇s tragedy. His failure to resolve the serious conflicts in his personality results in his spiritual distortion and his destruction.