华德福教育中的自然元素及其对幼儿园环境设计的启示

The Natural Elements in Waldorf Education and Its Inspiration to Environmental Design In kindergartens

环境对幼儿的发展有着重要的作用。在华德福幼儿园中,随处可见的自然元素是其环境创设的一大特色。这些自然元素体现在以下方面：户外环境,幼儿可以充分探索自然;室内装饰,温暖柔和的色彩与墙面,不提供电子产品;玩教具材料,由教师提供幼儿熟悉的原始材料;一日活动,也渗透着自然元素。天然、健康的环境,能够培养幼儿感恩自然的意识;简单朴素的环境,能帮助幼儿提升专注力;真实原始的材料,能够激发幼儿的想象力,最终促进幼儿身体、心灵、精神三方面的综合发展。

Environment plays an important role in younger children＇s development. In kindergartens which folllows the belief of Waldorf Education, there is a significant feature that it is full of natural elements everywhere. Those elements are illustrated by outdoor environment in which younger children can explore the nature adequately, indoor decorations with soft color and no electric equipment,toys and materials which are made of original wood or raw materials. In addtion, the natural elements run through everyday schedule. Natural and healthy environment can foster younger children to appreciate and respect the nature, as well as improve their concentration, and authentic materials can inspire their imagination. Ultimately it can help to promote the deveolopment of their body, mind and spirit.