一种考虑Wardrop均衡的行人流疏散模型

Pedestrian evacuation model based on Wardrop equilibrium

针对室内空间行人流的疏散问题,基于元胞自动机和Wardrop均衡原理提出了一种新的疏散模型。该模型首先基于位置吸引力、出口拥挤度、行人之间作用力和团队效应定义了行人移动概率的计算公式,并根据Wardrop均衡原理建立了疏散优化模型,同时对该优化模型进行求解。最后,利用实验平台进行仿真分析,深入研究了系统疏散时间、系统平均速度和行人流密度之间的关系。结果发现,适当提高系统平均速度可以提高系统疏散效率,同时在不同行人流密度下,需要采取不同的疏散策略。

In order to effectively depict the pedestrian evacuation, this paper proposed a novel evacuation model by cellular automaton and Wardrop. Based on the position attraction, exit congestion, interaction force and group effect, it gave the cal- culation formula for transition probability, and presented the evacuation optimization model with Wardrop. Meanwhile, it solved the optimization model by the presented algorithm. Finally, it conducted experiments .with the simulation platform to study the relationships of system evacuation time, system average velocity as well as pedestrian density. The results shows that, an appropriate increase in system average velocity can improve the system evacuation efficiency, and it need take the dif- ferent evacuation strategies in the different pedestrian densities.