桂花精油提取工艺优化及其成分分析

Optimization of extraction technology and analysis of components of Osmanthus fragrans essential oil

采用微波辅助–同时蒸馏萃取法,以干桂花为原料,石油醚为萃取剂,桂花精油得率为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上通过正交试验对桂花精油提取工艺进行优化。结果表明,最佳提取条件为微波功率540 W、微波时间4 min、料液比1∶50(g/m L)、萃取时间2.5 h,在此最佳工艺条件下重复提取3次桂花精油的平均得率为2.34%。采用气相色谱–质谱(GC–MS)联用对桂花精油化学成分进行分析鉴定,共分离出29种组分,其中相对含量最高的化合物是β–紫罗酮(相对含量44.55%),其次是α–紫罗酮(相对含量13.88%)、顺–芳樟醇氧化物(相对含量3.96%)。

The Osmanthus fragrans essential oil was extracted from dry Osmanthus fragrans by microwave-assisted simultaneous distillation-extraction （ SDE ） method. The yield of essential was used as assessment criteria. Based on the single factor experiment data, then using orthogonal test method, the extraction process for the essential oil was optimized.The results showed that when the microwave power was 540 W, microwave time was 4 min, extraction time was 2.5 h and solid-liquid radio was 1 ： 50 （ g/mL ）, the yield of Osmanthus fragrans essential oil was the highest. Under the optimized conditions, the average yield of essential oil of three time experiments was 2.34%. Chemical compositions of essential oil were analyzed and identified by GC-MS method, 29 compositions were separated. The main constituents of Osmanthus fragrans essential oil was 3-Buten-2-one, 4- （2,6, 6-trimethyl -1- cyclohexen-1-yl ） （ the relative content was 44.55% ）, the next was 3-Buten-2-one, 4- （ 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen- 1-yl ） （ the relative content was 13.88 % ）, and then was Linalool oxide （ the relative content was 3.96% ）.