舰船尾部结构对直升机操作区流场的影响

The influence of ship tail structure to airwake on helicopter operation area

为研究舰船尾部结构对流场环境的影响,以典型护卫舰简化模型SFS1为对象,选用通用软件ANSYS ICEM划分结构化网格并用ANSYS FLUENT标准k-ε湍流模型模拟了机库门开闭不同状态、不同机库高度及不同飞行甲板长度等特征结构的变化对直升机操作区气流场的影响.通过分析流场中的速度、压力等物理量,对比了不同工况下的流场环境.对比结果显示,机库高度越低、飞行甲板长度越长舰载机操作区的流场环境越好,机库门半开时流场环境较机库门关闭和全开状态时差,但是机库门关闭和全开两种状态相比没有明显的优劣之分.这可为在役舰船的改造和再建舰船的优化设计提供理论依据和数据支持,进而有效改善舰载机起降时的流场环境,提高海军指挥直升机进行安全着舰的能力.

In order to study the influence of ship tail structure on the airwake,the simple frigate shape SFS1 has been chosen for this study and the numerical simulation of ship airwakes has been performed. The ANSYS FLUENT standard turbulence model is used on the structured grids generated by ANSYS ICEM. The influences of the closing / opening state of the hangar,the hangar height and the flight deck length were simulated. The ship airwakes in different conditions were compared by analysing the physical parameters such as the velocity and pressure. It is shown that： the flow field environment will become better when the hangar height becomes lower and the flight deck beomes longer; the airwake becomes worse when the door is ajar than that when the door is closed or open; while neither airwake is superior when the door of hangar is closed or open completely. The present work will provide theory and data support for the modification of ship in service and the improvement of ship in construction,which will improve the ship airwake for shipboard aircrafts,and the capability to command and control the launch and recovery of shipboard aircraft.