技能训练对社区老年性耳聋患者自我效能及生活质量的影响

Effects of skill training on self-efficacy and life quality of community presbycusis patients

目的探讨综合技能训练对社区老年性耳聋患者自我效能及生活质量的影响。方法选取老年性耳聋患者50例，采用随机数字表法分为干预组（25例）和对照组（25例），2组均接受社区常规照护，干预组在此基础上给予为期4周的自我管理式综合技能训练，包括助听器的适应性训练、听觉补偿技能训练、日常生活技能训练。于干预前、干预结束后当天（干预后）以及干预结束3个月后（随访时）采用一般自我效能感量表（GSS）评估2组患者的自我效能水平，并于干预前和随访时采用健康状况调查问卷（sF-36）评估2组患者的生活质量。结果干预后和随访时，实验组患者的自我效能评分分别为（27．39±3．43）分和（29．15±2．44）分，分别与组内治疗前和对照组同时间点比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；随访时，实验组患者的生活质量各维度评分与组内治疗前和对照组同时间点比较，差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论自我管理模式综合技能训练可显著改善老年性耳聋患者的自我效能和生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive skill training on the self-efficacy and life quality of community preshycusis patients. Methods Fifty presbycusis patients were selected and randomly divided into an intervention groupand a control group, each of 25. Both groups were given conventional care in community, white the intervention group was given self-managed comprehensive training for four weeks, including audiphones a- daptability training, hearing compensation skill training and activity of daily life （ADL） skill training. The level of self-efficacy and the quality of daily life was assessed before and after the intervention, as well as 3 months the inter- vention, using general self-efficacy scale （GSS） and the medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey （SF-36）. Results The average GSS score of the intervention group increased significantly to （27.39±3.43） right afterthe intervention and further to （29.15±2.44） 3 months after that, also significantly higher than that of the control group at the same time points. In the intervention group, the average score of all the dimensions of the quality of daily life had significant differences compared to that before the intervention and the control group at corresponding time points （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Self-managed comprehensive skill training is particularly effective in improving self- efficacy and quality of daily life among community presbyeusis patients.