刘寄奴醇提物抗局灶性脑缺血有效部位筛选研究

Study of Screening the Effective Part of Alcohol Extract of Artemisia Anomala S. Moore on Anti Focal Cerebral Ischemia

目的筛选刘寄奴醇提物抗局灶性脑缺血的有效部位。方法将ICR小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、尼莫地平组（10 mg·kg-1）、刘寄奴醇提物石油醚萃取部位（部位Ⅰ）、刘寄奴醇提物乙酸乙酯萃取部位（部位Ⅱ）、刘寄奴醇提物正丁醇萃取部位（部位Ⅲ）和刘寄奴醇提物剩余水层（部位Ⅳ）,其中部位Ⅰ-Ⅳ各设3.25,6.50 g·kg-1 2个剂量组,于造模前连续给药7 d。采用改进的Zea Longa方法建立局灶性脑缺血动物模型。造模6 h后,测定小鼠神经功能评分、脑指数、脑含水量、脑梗死体积及脑组织病理形态学等指标;分别采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和硫代巴比妥酸法测定刘寄奴醇提物有效部位3.25,6.50 g·kg-1剂量组脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量。结果与模型组相比,部位Ⅰ、部位Ⅱ和部位Ⅲ均能在不同程度上改善局灶性脑缺血引起的脑水肿,其中部位Ⅲ能显著降低小鼠神经功能评分、脑指数、脑含水量、脑梗死体积（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。病理组织切片显示,与模型组相比,部位Ⅲ能明显改善脑组织神经元核溶解程度、核体不规则程度（P〈0.01）。与模型组相比,部位Ⅲ3.25,6.50 g·kg-1剂量组均能显著升高小鼠脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶活性（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,降低丙二醛含量（P〈0.05）。结论初步筛选出刘寄奴醇提物正丁醇萃取部位（部位Ⅲ）为刘寄奴抗局灶性脑缺血的有效部位,其作用机制可能与其抗氧化损伤有关。

OBJECTIVE To screen the effective part of alcohol extract of Artemisia anomala S. Moore on anti focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS ICR mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, nimodipine group（10 mg·kg-1）, petroleum ether extraction（part Ⅰ）, ethyl acetate（part Ⅱ）, n-butanol extract（part Ⅲ） and the remaining aqueous layer（part Ⅳ） of alcohol extract of Artemisia anomala S. Moore, parts Ⅰ-Ⅳ were divided into 3.25, 6.50 g·kg-1 dose groups, continuous administration 7 d before modeling. The improved Zea Longa method was used to establish animal model of focal cerebral ischemia. After 6 h, the nerve function score, brain index, brain water content, infarct volume and pathological changes of brain tissue of mice were measured; 3.25, 6.50 g·kg-1 dose groups of the effective part of alcohol extract of Artemisia Anomala S. Moore measured superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content in brain tissue by useing xanthine oxidase and thiobarbituric acid method. RESULTS Compared with the model group, part Ⅰ, part Ⅱ and part Ⅲcould improve brain edema caused by focal cerebral ischemia in different degrees, and the part Ⅲ could significantly reduce nerve function score, brain index, brain water content and infarct volume in mice（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Pathological examination showed that compared with the model group, the part Ⅲ could significantly improve the degree of brain neuron nucleus dissolution and the extent of irregular nucleus（P〈0.01）. Compared with the model group, SOD activity of 3.25, 6.50 g·kg-1 dose groups of the part Ⅲ in mice brain tissue significantly increased（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）, MDA levels significantly decreased（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION The main active part of alcohol extract of Artemisia anomala S. Moore on anti focal cerebral ischemia is n-butanol extract（part Ⅲ） after preliminary screening and its mechanism may be related with its antioxidant effects.