干热河谷农业面源污染及其防治

Agricultural non-point source pollution and countermeasures of dry-hot valley:A review

我国的干热河谷光热资源充足,干湿季分明,蒸发量大,适合发展热作、反季节作物和立体农业,但干热河谷地区的农业面源污染问题也需要引起足够的关注,特别是防治干热河谷地区农业面源污染的技术和方法。从这个角度出发,以我国干热河谷地区农业面源污染为讨论对象,从种植业和养殖业两方面介绍干热河谷地区农业面源污染现状,分析了干热河谷地区农业面源污染形成的一般性原因和特殊的地方性原因,并针对其污染原因,讨论了各种传统的和新兴的农业面源污染防治技术研究进展、应用于干热河谷地区的可行性和前景,以期防治干热河谷地区的农业面源污染。

Dry-hot valley regions, mainly located in Southwest China, are featured of a special climate with rich light and heat resources and trenchant dry wet season. These climatic advantages offer a special agricultural development, such as cultivation of tropical plants, out-ofseason crops as well as stereoscopic agriculture. However, such intense agriculture development is and will result in serious non-point source pollution in dry-hot valley regions, which should be highly paid attention to due to their ecological vulnerability. Meanwhile,counter-measures are urgently needed to be raised to solve the non-point source pollution in dry-hot valley regions. In this review, we firstly showed a brief introduction of the agricultural development in the dry-hot valley regions. Then, we discussed the current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in the dry-hot valley area, and correspondingly analyzed the general and special reasons for the agricultural non-point source pollution in these areas from the two respects of cropping and livestock faming together with local social-culture aspects. Finally, we reviewed both the traditional and newly-developed technologies and methods of controlling agricultural non-point source pollution with analyses of their feasibility and prospect in dry-hot valley. This review will be helpful to prevent and control agricultural nonpoint source pollution in dry-hot valley regions.