《星流发愿文》与归义军初期时势研究

A Study of the Stars Prayer and Political Affairs in the Initial Stage of the Righteous Army Period

敦煌文献P.2854《星流发愿文》为唐代敦煌归义军政权初期写本,用于观测到"星流变异"天象后举办佛教禳灾斋会时僧人祈愿宣诵。"星流变异"在中国传统星占中多预示凶兆,且在史籍中大都附会于国家政治军事时势。敦煌归义军政权初期受到来自唐王朝、周边吐蕃势力及西州回鹘等多方面的外部军事压力,张氏统治阶层内部也因权力斗争而暗流涌动。借助禳灾斋会这一形式,不仅可强化归义军辖下民众对张氏家族统治的认同感,亦可平抑政权内部斗争而潜藏的危机。

Dunhuang Document P.2854,the Stars Prayer was created in the initial stage of the Righteous Army period,The monks read it at the Buddhist fast ceremonies and when the stars anomaly had been observed. The stars anomaly means the disaster in the traditional Chinese astrology,and the stars anomalies were almost connected to the national political and military situation in the historical records by false analogy. At the initial stage of the Righteous Army regime in Dunhuang it suffered menace from the Tang Dynasty Government,peripheral Tibetan and Xi-zhou Uighur pressures. There were many internal struggles in the Righteous Army under the Zhang Family. From this Buddhist Fast ceremonies,not only is a sense of identity in the Righteous Army under the Zhang Family was got from their people,but also it moderated the internal contradictions among the regime.