中国先锋派话剧对莎士比亚经典的传承——以林兆华的莎剧改演为例

How to Inherit from Shakespearean Dramas in China's Avant-garde Theatre——Taking Lin Zhaohua's Performance of Shakespeare as An Example

在跨文化交流中,莎士比亚经典经常被借用,更是成为中国先锋派话剧的宝贵资源。受后现代手法影响,以林兆华为代表的中国先锋派导演在莎剧编演上多有强制阐释的不良倾向,存在着"轻文本""重形式""主题先行"等不足之处。先锋戏剧人在借用莎剧时,需加强经典传承的责任感,而不是过分追求个性化、新奇化,在对经典怀有敬畏之心的前提之下,遵循"期待视野"规律,以服务剧场和观众为核心,对原著作"有限的否定",找到原著精神与现实生活的契合点,在传承经典的同时再塑经典,使其历久弥新。

Widely used in intercultural communication,Shakespeare has greatly inspired many Chinese avant-garde stage directors to attempt new performance styles. Unfortunately,with the development of postmodernism,the contemporary Chinese directors represented by Lin Zhaohua have preferred to imbue Shakespearean drama with their coercive interpretations,and there does exist in their Shakespearean productions such shortcomings as ＂ ignorance of text＂ ＂ emphasis on form ＂ ＂ theme first＂. To inherit from the Shakespeare canon much better,theatre practitioners should rather strengthen their sense of responsibility than pursuit only for their stage＇ s individuality and novelty. In addition,they should show proper reverence for the canon,and then focus attention on serving the theatre and the audience by abiding by the theory of horizon of expectations,and finally find out the agreement point between the spirit of Shakespeare＇s drama and the need of the time by following the principle of limited negation. Only by this way,could they not only inherit from but also recast the Shakespeare canon,which makes the canon last forever.