混合培养体系中间充质干细胞与造血干细胞生物学特性

Biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cell and hematopoietic stem cell in the co-culture system

为了体外同时获得符合鉴定标准的造血干/祖细胞(hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell,HSC/HPC)和间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSC),本研究采用Ficoll淋巴细胞分离液方法从脐带血中分离出脐带血单个核细胞,MACS免疫磁珠法分离出CD34^+的造血干细胞。分离出的细胞与MSC同时接种在培养瓶中,利用15%AB型脐血浆的IMDM培养基添加白细胞介素3(interleukin-3,IL-3)、IL-6、血小板生成素(thrombopoietin,TPO)、干细胞因子(stem cell factor,SCF)和Flt-3配体(FMSlike tyrosine kinase 3 ligand,Flt-3L)因子培养体系来同时培养扩增HSC/HPC和MSC。为了评估扩增出的HSC/HPC和MSC是否符合细胞鉴定标准,本研究通过倒置显微镜观察HSC/HPC和MSC生长状态,并计数细胞。流式细胞仪检测HSC/HPC表面抗原CD34阳性百分率,检测第4代(P4)MSC表面抗原CD105、CD90、CD73、CD45、CD34和HLA-DR阳性表达率。半固体集落培养检测HSC/HPC的粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落形成能力。将共培养至P4的MSC行成骨、成软骨、成脂肪诱导鉴定。通过秋水仙素法进行MSC核型分析。结果显示,体外共培养的HSC/HPC依然有高增殖能力、集落形成能力和CD34阳性百分率。MSC具有向成骨细胞、脂肪细胞和软骨细胞诱导分化的能力。MSC染色体核型维持稳定。以上结果提示本研究成功建立了一种合适的MSC和HSC/HPC混合培养体系,通过该体系可同时获得两种干细胞,共培养后的MSC依然有典型的MSC的生物学功能;共培养后的HSC/HPC的粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落培养、细胞数量和流式表型符合鉴定标准,HSC/HPC生物学功能没有受到影响。

The aim of the present study was to obtain the qualified hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells （HSC/HPC） and human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells （MSC） in vitro in the co-culture system. Cord blood mononuclear cells were separated from umbilical cord blood by Ficoll lymphocyte separation medium, and then CD34＋ HSC was collected by MACS immunomagnetic beads. The selected CD34＋ HSC/HPC and MSC were transferred into culture flask. IMDM culture medium with 15% AB-type cord plasma supplemented with interleukin-3 （IL-3）, IL-6, thrombopoietin （TPO）, stem cell factor （SCF） and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand （Flt-3L） factors were used as the co-culture system for the amplification of HSC/HPC and MSC. The cellular growth status and proliferation on day 6 and 10 after co-culture were observed by using inverted microscope. The percentage of positive expression of CD34 in HSC/HPC, as well as the percentages of positive expressions of CD105, CD90, CD73, CD45, CD34 and HLA- DR in the 4th generation MSC, was tested by flow cytometry. Semisolid colony culture was used to test the HSC/HPC colony forming ability. The osteogenic, chondrogenesis and adipogenic ability of the 4th generation MSC were assessed. The karyotype analysis of MSC was conducted by colchicines. The results demonstrated that the HSC/HPC of co-culture group showed higher ability of amplification, CFU-GM and higher CD34＋ percentage compared with the control group. The co-cultured MSC maintained the ability to differentiate into bone cells, fat cells and chondrocytes. And the karyotype stability of MSC remained normal. These results reveal that the appropriate co-culture system for MSC and HSC is developed, and via this co-culture system we could gain both two kinds of these cells. The MSCs under the co-culture system maintain the biological characteristics. The CFU-GM ability, cell counting and the flow cytometry results of HSC/HPC under the co-culture system are conform to the criterion, showing that the biological functions of HSC/HPC are maintained.