选择实验法视角的生态补偿意愿差异研究——以石羊河流域为例

Difference of willingness to pay for ecological compensation based on the choice experiments method——A case study of Shiyang river basin

评估不同群体间及同一群体内流域生态补偿的偏好差异有助于提高政策制定的针对性和可行性,确保政策实施效果。文中基于选择实验法对石羊河流域的900户居民进行问卷调查,其中城镇居民428户,农村居民472户。利用混合Logit模型对调查数据进行模拟,实证分析了不同群体间及同一群体内生态补偿意愿差异。研究结果表明:1)石羊河流域居民对自然景观比例、森林覆盖率和草地覆盖率具有较高的生态补偿意愿;2)对所有生态环境属性而言,城镇居民的支付意愿都高于农村居民,城镇居民支付意愿最高的属性是森林覆盖率;农村居民支付意愿最高的属性是自然景观比例;3)石羊河流域城镇居民对最佳改善方案的补偿剩余为769.42元/户,农村居民的补偿剩余为504.72元/户。

To evaluate preference difference of ecological compensation policies for the people in the same group and in different groups in a watershed is helpful to improve the pertinence and feasibility of policy formulation and insure its implementation effect. Based on the choice experiments method, we made a questionnaire survey on 900 households in Shiyang river basin, including 428 urban residents and 472 rural residents. The research sim- ulated the survey data using the mixed logit model and empirically analyzed ecological willingness to pay for the people in the same group and in different groups in Shiyang river basin. The results show that ： （ 1 ） The ecologi- cal ＆ environmental attributes with larger willingness to pay are landscape ratio, forest coverage and grassland coverage for residents in Shiyang river basin. （2） Urban residents have higher WTP than rural residents for all environmental attributes. For urban residents, the attribute with highest WTP is forest coverage while for rural residents, the highest attribute is landscape ratio. （3）The compensating surplus for the urban residents in Shiy- ang river basin for the best improvement scenario is 769.42 Yuan/household and 504.72 Yuan/household for ru- ral residents.