桉树叶片提取物的杀虫活性及应用初步研究

The Insecticidal Activity and Application of Eucalyptus Leaf Extract

采用3种溶剂对桉树叶片进行加热回流提取,分别采用喷雾法和浸渍法测定提取物对鳞翅目害虫黏虫、半翅目害虫蚜虫及蜱螨目害虫朱砂叶螨生物活性。在初筛的基础上,对甲醇、丙酮和石油醚提取物进行了烟蚜复筛及温室盆栽试验。试验结果表明:各提取物对黏虫及朱砂叶螨在10000mg/L的浓度均未表现出杀虫活性,甲醇、丙酮和石油醚提取物对蚜虫均表现出一定的毒杀活性,对烟蚜的LC_(50)值分别为4 644.61、4 276.94、507.47 mg/L,其中石油醚提取物表现出了较高的生物活性。进行了进一步的温室盆栽验证试验,发现药后7 d,10000 mg/L的石油醚提取物对烟蚜的防效达到80.31%,有进一步研究的价值。

The extraction method of eucalyptus leaves by heating reflux with three kinds of solvents, the biological activity of extracts against armyworms, aphids and Tetranychus cinnabarinus were studied in this paper by leaf-dipping,spraying method and other methods, On the basis of the initial screen, in-depth screening was performed to evaluate the activity of the extractions. The results showed that under the concentration of 10 000 mg/L, the extractions of methanol, acetone and petroleum ether had no insecticidal activity on armyworms and Tetranychus cinnabarinus, showed poison activity on aphids with the LC50 being 4 644.61,4 276.94 and 506 mg/L, respecially, The petroleum ether extract showed high biological activity. The greenhouse experiment showed that the control effect of the petroleum ether extract of 10 000 mg/L against Myzus persicae reached 80.31%, The petroleum ether extract has the value of further research.