滨海自动站与人工站相对湿度对比分析

Contrastive Analysis of Relative Humidity between Automatic Weather Station and Conventional Station in Binhai

利用2003年盐城市滨海县气象站自动站与人工站平行观测期间的对比资料,分析了两套观测系统相对湿度数据的差异,讨论了相对湿度、环境温度、天气状况和环境风速与2种方式观测的相对湿度差之间的关系。结果表明：滨海县自动观测与人工观测的相对湿度数据存在一定的差异,但在允许精度范围内,约93%的数据集中在-4%~4%之间,误差超过±2%的样本集中在相对湿度小于70%的区域内;随着月份的变化,相对湿度差的分布呈现＂W＂形波动趋势;随气温升高,呈＂V＂形变化趋势,尤其是高温下自动站偏干现象明显;湿度增大或有降水产生时,有偏正的趋势;环境风速增大时,有减小的趋势,自动站相对湿度观测值偏大。

The contrastive analysis is made based on the data from automatic weather station（AWS）and conventional station during the parallel observation from January to December 2003 at the Binhai Weather station in Yancheng.The differences of relative humidity between two observing systems are analyzed,and the relationships of relative humidity,ambient temperature,weather condition and wind speed to the relative humidity difference（ΔH）between automatic and conventional stations are discussed.The results show that there are some differences between automatic and manual observations of relative humidity in Binhai County.The bias is within the allowable range of accuracy,about 93% of data biases are between-4%to 4%.The relative humidity is less than 70% when the absolute value of bias is larger than 2%.The annual distribution ofΔH appears W-shaped fluctuation.With the increase of air temperature,the distribution ofΔH shows V-shaped variation tendency.When the air temperature is high,the magnitude of auto weather station humidity is usually smaller than that of man-made observation.When humidity increases or it rains,ΔHtends to be positive.When wind speed increases,ΔH has a decreasing trend,and the relative humidity of the automatic station is larger than that of manual observation.