近代上海戏院建筑的安全性控制——关于消防规则和管理制度

Safety Control in Theatre Buildings of Shanghai in Early Modern China:A Study on Fire Control Regulations and Safety Management

中国建筑现代转型历程中,伴随着新功能、新形式的出现,建筑的技术体系、营建和管理方式随之发生重大改变。作为近代公共娱乐空间的代表,上海戏院建筑既是上海近代社会生活中不可或缺的消费场所,也是最早引入西方现代建筑法规制度和管理制度的建筑类型之一。梳理了上海近代戏院建筑安全控制的主要方面:消防规则和安全管理的发展过程,分析其在保障戏院建筑安全性,从制度上促其逐渐发展成一个成熟和先进的建筑类型外,也从中折射出中西建筑文化和技术的互动如何影响社会公共空间的形成。

In the transformation of modern architecture in China, with development of new functions and types there had great changes in technology, construction and management. As a newly born space of entertainment industry in modern Shanghai, the theatre introduced western architectural regulations such as fire control and management system at that time to keep safety. This paper explores the establishment and development of fire control regulations and management system in Shanghai＇s theatre, which made it an advanced architectural type. Also, the interaction between Chinese and western culture and technology could be discerned, which influenced the formation of popular public space in early modern Shanghai.