和羹柏的中国建筑生涯

Alphonse De Moerloose's Architectural Career in China

比利时圣母圣心会(C.I.C.M)成立于1862年,1865年起活动于中国长城以北地区,时间长达90年(1865—1955年)。在此期间修建了大量教会建筑来满足他们的传教活动需要,然而只有为数不多的几座教堂在中国内战(1945—1949年)和文化大革命(1966—1976年)中幸免于难并存留至今。重点讨论了圣母圣心会的传教士建筑师——和羹柏神父,他出身建筑世家,将比利时的圣路加建筑风格引入中国,设计了大量的教会建筑,功绩卓越却鲜为人知。介绍了和羹柏在中国的几处建筑实践。

Belgian Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary（C.I.C.M.） was founded in 1862, and entered China in 1865. It was very active beyond the Great Wall, and had stayed in China for ninety years （1865-1955） . Missionaries built a lot of church buildings to accommodate their lives in their apostolic vicariates. But only a few of them survived the Chinese Civil War （1945-1949） and the Cultural Revolution （1966-1976）. This article focuses on a very special Belgian missionary architect Alphonse De Moerloose, who was from a French speaking family with architectural background. He introduced St. Luke architectural style to China. But De Moerloose＇s name is rarely known in field of architectural history. The article makes up this deficiency with investigations of some of his works in China.