二胎孕妇母乳喂养认知、态度现状及知识需求调查

Investigation of breastfeeding cognition,attitude and knowledge demand for pregnant women with the second child

目的：调查二胎孕妇母乳喂养知识、喂养方式和态度的现状，了解其知识需求，为健康教育的开展提供依据。方法采用自行设计的一般资料和母乳喂养知识问卷，对2015年9月—2016年3月在门诊建档198名二胎孕妇进行问卷调查。结果二胎孕妇对母乳喂养认知得分范围为0～20分，平均（7．25±5．62）分，得分偏低；母乳喂养知识的来源前3位依次是母亲及其他亲戚、互联网朋友圈及产后医护人员宣教。而其希望获得知识的途径依次是医护人员宣教、医院发放宣传文字资料、产前门诊母乳喂养咨询、孕妇学校等。第一胎喂养方式：纯母乳喂养率为38．3％，混合喂养率为48．4％，人工喂养率为13．1％，母乳喂养率为86．8％。母乳喂养超过6个月者占39．3％。母乳喂养相关态度较好，88．3％对母乳喂养有信心，95．9％愿意进行母乳喂养。结论二胎孕妇对母乳喂养的认知情况不容乐观，提示促进母乳喂养工作刻不容缓。医务人员应加强在孕期适时开展多种形式、有效的母乳喂养健康教育。

Objective To provide the basis for health education by investigation of breastfeeding cognition,feeding pattern,attitude and knowledge for pregnant women with the second child.Methods Using a self-designed general information and breastfeeding knowledge questionnaire,a total of 1 98 pregnant women with second child who admitted from September 201 5 to March 201 6 and registered in-patient clinic received the investigation.Results Cognitive scores of second pregnant women with breastfeeding were in the range of 0 -20 points with average score （7.25 ±5.62）points,which was at a low level;top 3 ordinal breastfeeding knowledge sources were mother and other relatives,international circle of friends and health education from postpartum medical staff.The desired pathway to obtain knowledge in turn were health education from postpartum medical staff,hospital issued promotional text information,prenatal outpatient breast feeding counseling,and pregnant women school,etc.Different feeding ways for the first child：exclusive breastfeeding rate was 38.3%;mixed feeding rate was 48.4%;artificial feeding rate was 1 3.1 %;the breastfeeding rate was 86.8%.About 39.3%subjects experienced breastfeeding for more than 6 months with a good attitude,confidence for breastfeeding （88.3%） and willing to breastfeed （95.9%）.Conclusions Second pregnant women′s perception of breastfeeding situation is not optimistic,which indicate promoting breastfeeding work is urgently needed.Medical staff should carry out a variety of forms,effective breastfeeding during pregnancy health education in timely.