深圳女性人乳头瘤病毒自取样宫颈癌筛查认知与影响因素调查

Investigation on awareness and influencing factors of HPV self-sampling for cervical cancer screening of female in Shenzhen

目的：了解深圳女性对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）及 HPV 自取样宫颈癌筛查的认知状况与影响因素。方法2014年7月—2015年6月采用自编设计调查表对544名参加我院组织的现场及网络HPV 自取样检测作为宫颈癌初筛项目的深圳女性进行问卷调查，了解其流行病学资料，HPV 和宫颈癌相关知识认知、HPV 自取样筛查宫颈癌认知、对 HPV 自取样筛查宫颈癌的态度和意愿、接受度，分析 HPV自取样认知状况对宫颈癌筛查的影响及主要影响因素。结果544名女性中，47．1％知道 HPV，22．8％知道 HPV 引起什么疾病，12．5％听说过、操作过自取样宫颈癌筛查，仅6．3％听说过、参与过网络自取样宫颈癌筛查。企业／公司白领／自主企业管理者、月收入在3万元以上的女性对 HPV 自取样的知晓率低于其他女性，差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为13．058，12．626；P ＜0．05）。81．6％的女性更倾向于医生取样，仅有7．0％的女性认为自取样筛查的可信度高于80％，对网络自取样的最大顾虑主要是标本运输过程中变质、污染等。结论深圳女性对 HPV 及 HPV 自取样宫颈癌筛查的认知程度较低，应在自取样结果可信度、取样不适程度、难易程度、样本保存、运输及结果反馈方面重点干预。

Objective To investigate awareness and influencing factors of human papilloma virus （HPV）self-sampling for cervical cancer screening of female in Shenzhen.Methods A total of 544 female,who during July 2014 to June 2015,participated in live and online HPV self-sampling detection organized by our hospital,were surveyed by self-designed questionnaire.Their epidemiological data,HPV and cervical cancer related knowledge,awareness of HPV self-sampling for cervical cancer screening,their attitude,willingness and acceptance to HPV self-sampling for cervical cancer screening were investigated.Effects of awareness of HPV self-sampling to the cervical cancer screening and main influencing factors were analyzed.Results Among the 544 women,47.1% were aware of HPV;22.8% were aware of what diseases could be caused by HPV;12.5%had heard of and done by themselves self-sampling for cervical cancer screening;only 6.3% had heard of and participated in online self-sampling for cervical cancer screening.Women,who were enterprise /corporate white collar/independent enterprise manager or whose monthly income was over 30,000 yuan,were less aware of HPV self-sampling than other women （χ2 =13.058,12.626;P 〈0.05）.81.6% of the female were apparently inclined to be sampled by doctors,and only 7.0% of the female believed that credibility of self-sampling screening was above 80%.The biggest concern about online self-sampling was mainly metamorphic specimens during transport,pollution,etc.Conclusions Awareness of female in Shenzhen about HPV and HPV self-sampling cervical cancer screening are relatively low.Intervention should be emphasized in reliability degree of self-sampling result,discomfort degree of sampling,complexity,specimen preservation,transport and result feedback.