维持性腹膜透析患者与其主要照顾者生活质量的相关性研究

Correlation study on the quality of life in patients with maintenance peritoneal dialysis and their primary caregivers

目的：探讨维持性腹膜透析（MPD）患者与其主要照顾者的生活质量及影响因素，分析MPD 患者与其主要照顾者生活质量的相关性。方法选择2008年6月—2012年6月在肾脏内科住院行腹膜透析置管术后行规律腹膜透析（PD）的92例患者及其主要照顾者为研究对象。回顾分析所有患者及其主要照顾者的一般临床资料及问卷调查资料。结果 MPD 患者 SF-36总分为（86．75±20．76）分。年龄、透析时间、医保报销、工作状态组间差异存在统计学意义（P ＜0．05）；多元线性回归分析显示，年龄为MPD 患者生活质量的影响因素。主要照顾者 SF-36总分为（121．46±18．57），不同性别、年龄、日照顾时间、照顾持续时间、家庭／社会关系的主要照顾者间差异存在统计学意义（P ＜0．05）；多元线性回归分析显示，性别、年龄、日照顾时间为主要照顾者生活质量的影响因素。相关分析显示 MPD 患者 SF-36总分与其主要照顾者 SF-36总分、MCS 得分呈正相关；患者 PCS 得分与其主要照顾者 SF-36总分、MCS 得分呈正相关。患者 MCS 得分与其照顾者 SF-36总分、MCS 得分呈正相关。结论 MPD 患者生活质量欠佳，年龄为其主要影响因素；主要照顾者生活质量低于正常人，性别、年龄、日照顾时间为其影响因素；MPD 患者生活质量与主要照顾者生活质量呈正相关，应积极干预，通过多种途径提高照顾者生活质量，从而改善患者生活质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and its related factors in maintenance peritoneal dialysis （MPD）patients and their primary caregivers;to analyze the correlation of the quality of life MPD patients and their primary caregivers.Methods A total of 92 MPD patients and their primary caregivers were chosen for the study.The patients were performed peritoneal dialysis catheterization in our hospital nephrology from June 2008 to June 2012 and had regularly peritoneal dialysis.General clinical data and questionnaire survey of all patients and primary caregivers were analyzed retrospectively.Results The total score of SF-36 was （86.75 ±20.76）in MPD patients.There was no significant difference in the scores of SF-36 liking gender or marital status（P 〉0.05）,while there were significant differences in the score of SF-36 such as age,dialysis time,medicare reimbursement and work status（P 〈0.05）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age was related factor for the quality of life of MPD patients.The total score of SF-36 was （121.46 ±18.57）in primary caregivers.There were significant differences in the score of SF-36 in primary caregivers with different gender,age,length of day care,care duration and family/social relations（P 〈0.05）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,age and time of day care were related factors for the quality of life in primary caregivers.Correlation analysis showed that the score of SF-36,PCS and MCS in MPD patients were positively correlated with the score of SF-36 and MCS in primary caregivers respectively.Conclusions The quality of life in MPD patients is poor,and age is the main related factor.The quality of life is lower in primary caregivers than in normal people,and gender,age and time of day care are the related factors.The quality of life in MPD patients is positively correlated with the quality of life in primary caregivers.To improve the quality of life in patients,the quality of life in primary caregivers should be improved by varieties of ways.